After the CS and the US have been 'paired' several times i.e., for several trials, presence of a CS produces the UR. Pairing means to present the CS, a few fractions of a second before the US. In the above case, it meant pairing the sound of the bell with the presentation of food. The idea becomes to combine the CS with the US. This is called the Unconditioned Response (UR). US, on the other hand, reliably evokes a response. Literally, anything that can be noticed during an experiment is a CS. The bell Pavlov used is a good example of a CS. Conditioned stimulus evokes an alerting response the first few times its presented. They are called Conditioned Stimulus (CS) and Unconditioned Stimulus (US). In a classical conditioning experiment, two types stimuli (anything that evokes a response) are produced to the learner. He found that with subsequent training of the dog, the amount of saliva produced as the bell rang increased! Thus, the conclusion was that the dog was trained to salivate whenever the bell was rung it became to be known as the conditioned response. He replicated this experiment and re-performed it. Pavlov, amazed at this finding did what any good scientist would have done. Here's the finding of this experiment, the dog produced certain amount of saliva when the sound of the bell was presented. Ivan Pavlov measured the amount of saliva the dog's mouth produced when he rang the bell and did not produce the food. After the sound of the bell had been 'paired' with the presence of food multiple times, he put his training of the dog to the test.ĭr. He trained the dog by sounding the bell, shortly afterward, presenting food. All the dog-owners know what I am talking about. After giving the dog a look of disapproval (I assume, again), Pavlov decided to train the dog. Pavlov rang a bell to which the trusty dog responded with nothing quite special. He had a dog, who volunteered for Pavlov's psych adventures(that's what I assume). What happened?Ĭlassical conditioning can be best understood by taking a look at Pavlov's experimental design. So, I thought to explain it in a clear way. Despite being fundamental to the study of behaviour, many people have an inaccurate understanding about it, as reflected in their discourses. I have found that knowledge about this form of learning (as a psychological construct) is a staple of basic psychology courses. Interesting but a lesser known fact, Classical Conditioning (CC) is also referred to as Respondent Conditioning (RC). The famous physiologist established many basic principles of this form of learning. Getting its name from the conditions of learning that existed at that time, Classical Conditioning refers to the early experiments of Ivan Pavlov in the 1890's.
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